Obturation
Fate of the Tissue in Lateral Canals and Apical Ramifications in Response to Pathologic Conditions and Treatment Procedures
•Lateral and apical ramifications are formed after a localized fragmentation of epithelial root sheath develops, and a small gap is left in place. Also when
Effect of Resin-based and Bioceramic Root Canal Sealers on Postoperative Pain
Summary: •Purpose: to compare the effect of resin-based and bioceramic root canal sealers on the occurrence and intensity of postoperative pain in patients with asymptomatic
Long-term Clinical Outcome of Teeth Obturated with Resilon
Summary: Purpose: To compare the long-term clinical outcomes of teeth obturated with Resilon/Real-Seal (RS) and teeth obturated with GP/AH Plus. n= 100 teeth, RS:50; GP:50
Apically Extruded Sealers: Fate and Influence on Treatment Outcome
Summary: •Purpose: to evaluate cases of unintentional overfillings after using different sealers and to see the fate of the extruded material and its influence on
Leakage Along Apical Root Fillings in Curved Root Canals. Part I: Effects of Apical Transportation on Seal of Root Fillings
Summary: Purpose: To evaluate transportation and its effect of leakage N= 47 curved, single roots mandibular premolars, and 27 single, and straight mandibular premolars Materials/Methods:
Radiographic evaluation of periapical healing of permanent teeth with periapical lesions after extrusion of AH Plus sealer.
•Purpose: To clinically and radiographically examine the effects of extrusion of AH Plus sealer on the healing of permanent teeth with apical periodontitis. •Materials/Methods: -N=87
Radiographic evaluation of extruded obturation materials
Summary: Purpose: to evaluated the sealer/gutta percha extruded overtime radiographically , N=92 extruded obturation materials Materials/Methods: •Cases were instrumented with K hand files. Irrigated with
Direct Effect of Endodontic Sealers on Trigeminal Neuronal Activity
Summary: Purpose: to evaluate the effect of commonly used endodontic sealers on peripheral nociceptors Materials/Methods: •Rat trigeminal sensory neurons were exposed in vitro to vehicle, zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE)–based
Apical limit of root canal instrumentation and obturation, part 2. A histological study
Summary: Purpose: to describe histologically and clinically the effect of different obturation levels on prognosis. N= 41 human teeth . Materials/Methods: •10 teeth were instrumented,
Biologic aspects of endodontics: V—periapical tissue reactions to root canal instrumentation beyond the apex and root canal fillings short of and beyond the apex
Purpose: to evaluate the effect of over-instrumentation followed by underextended and overextended root canal filling on the periapical tissues on a histological level Methodology: N
Clinical Outcome of Non-Surgical Root Canal Treatment Using a Single-cone Technique with Endosequence
Purpose: to evaluate the success rate of nonsurgical root canal therapy using BC and a single-cone technique within a private practice setting. Methodology: •N =
Evaluation of Success and Failure after Endodontic Therapy Using a Glass Ionomer Cement Sealer
Summary: •Purpose: to assess the treatment results of endodontic therapy using a glass ionomer cement sealer (Ketac-Endo) and to relate the results to various clinical
Influence of Length of Root Canal Obturation on Apical Periodontitis Detected by Periapical Radiography and Cone Beam Computed Tomography
Summary: •Purpose: evaluate the influence of root canal obturation (RCO) length on AP detected by periapical radiographs or CBCT images. •N= 503 RCOs in 300
A Retrospective Study Comparing Clinical Outcomes after Obturation with Resilon/Epiphany or Gutta-Percha/Kerr
Summary: •Purpose: to compare radiographic and clinical outcomes of teeth obturated with either Resilon\\Epiphany sealer or GP\\Kerr Pulp Canal Sealer by using a single private
Clinical Outcome of Teeth Treated Endodontically with a Nonstandardized Protocol and Root Filled with Resilon
Summary: Purpose: to determine the healing rates of teeth treated endodontically with Resilon root filling observed radiographically over time. on= 82 teeth with a primary
Outcome of Root Canal Obturation by Warm Gutta-Percha versus Cold Lateral Condensation: A Meta-analysis
Summary: •Purpose: to compare the outcome of root canal obturation by warm GP with that by CLC •N= 10 articles met inclusion criteria Materials/Methods:
Effect of customization of master gutta-percha cone on apical control of root filling using different techniques: an ex vivo study
Summary: •Purpose: (i) to compare the prevalence of extrusion of root filling material and voids within the apical 5 mm when placed using different
Evaluation of root canal obturation: a three-dimensional in vitro study
Summary: Purpose: To measure percentage of volume of voids and gaps in root canals obturated with different obturation materials by using micro computed tomography (micro-CT)
In vitro microbial leakage of endodontically treated teeth using new and standard obturation techniques
Summary: Purpose: To evaluate and compare the ability of bacteria to penetrate new and conventional obturation techniques and materials N= 140 single rooted extracted teeth
Effect of spreader and accessory cone size on density of obturation using conventional or mechanical lateral condensation.
•Purpose: To compare depth of accessory cone penetration and the volume of gutta-percha compacted into a standard canal when MLC or CLC are used with
Comparison of spreader penetration during lateral compaction of .04 and .02 tapered gutta-percha.
•Purpose: To compare the initial penetration depth of fine-fine nickel-titanium (NiTi) and fine-fine stainless-steel (SS) spreaders during lateral compaction of .02 or .04 tapered master
Photoelastic comparison of stress induced by using stainless-steel versus nickel-titanium spreaders in vitro
Summary: Purpose: to demonstrate the location and distribution of stresses created upon lateral condensation in curved canals and to compare the distribution of stress when
Nickel-titanium versus stainless-steel finger spreaders in curved canals.
Summary: Purpose: to compare the differences in the penetration depths of nickel-titanium (NiTi) and SS finger spreaders in prepared straight and curved canals.. N= 70
The influence of master cone adaptation on the quality of the apical seal
Summary: Purpose: to examine the relationship between the radiographic evidence used to determine master cone adaptation and the resultant quality of the apical seal ,
The Use of a Chloroform-softened Gutta-percha Master Cone and Its Effect on the Apical Seal
Summary: Purpose: to examine the effect on the apical seal of varying amounts of chloroform used in the formed cone gutta-percha filling technique. N= 180
Radicular Temperatures Associated with Thermoplasticized Gutta-Percha
Summary: Purpose: to measure the temperature change within the root canal and on the root surface at different radicular levels while using with the System
Evaluation of Heat Transfer during Root Canal Obturation with Thermoplasticized Gutta-percha. Part II. In Vivo Response to Heat Levels Generated
Summary: Purpose: to evaluate the immediate and short-term response of the periodontium to the elevated temperatures of the gutta-percha used in injected thermo-plasticized technique N=
Analysis of Continuous-Wave Obturation Using a Single-cone and Hybrid Technique
Summary: •Purpose: to compare hybrid technique (lateral and continuous wave) to continuous wave technique for adaptation of obturation material. •N= 56 MB root for mandibular
Effect of Varying the Depth of Heat Application on the Adaptability of Gutta-Percha During Warm Vertical Compaction
Summary: •Purpose: to compare adaptability of GP while varying the depth of heat application to obturate a standard root canal. •N= extracted human maxillary central
Clinical use of injection-molded thermoplasticized gutta-percha for obturation of the root canal system: a preliminary report
Summary: oPurpose: to evaluate the results of injected thermoplasticized gutta-percha using a recently developed delivery system. on= 125 cases Materials/Methods: oHerschowitz, Marlin, and Stiglitz have
Three-dimensional obturation of the root canal using injection-molded, thermoplasticized dental gutta-percha
Summary: •Purpose: to study the feasibility of root canal obturation by using thermoplasticized, injectable gutta-percha. •n= divided in to 2 samples based on the evaluation
Filling root canals in three dimensions.
Summary: Purpose: To review the process of endodontic obturation in three dimensions and the techniques used •The final objective of endodontic procedures is total 3-D
Resorcinol-formaldehyde resin \”Russian Red\” endodontic therapy
Purpose: To review literature describing the materials and techniques used with RF endodontic therapy and to discuss clinical considerations when evaluating and retreating RF cases.
Studies of Sargenti\’s technique of endodontic treatment: six-month and one-year responses
Summary: Purpose: To evaluate the response to the Sargenti technique and filling material (RC-2B) at 6 months and 1 year after treatment N= 30 teeth
Studies of Sargenti\’s technique of endodontic treatment: short-term response in monkeys.
•Purpose: To evaluate the response to the Sargenti technique and filling material, RC-2B, at six months and a year after treatment. According to Sargenti:
Influence of the powder/liquid ratio on the properties of zinc oxide-eugenol-based root canal sealers
•Purpose: To investigate the effects of modifications of the powder/liquid ratio by endodontists on the physical properties recommended by ISO standards as well as on
Concentration of Eugenol Apically Released from Zinc Oxide-EugenoI-Based Sealers
Summary: Purpose: to determine the in vitro concentration of eugenol released from a zinc oxide-eugenol-based sealer at three periods of time with two different filling
Investigation of chemical changes in sealers during application of the warm vertical compaction technique.
Summary: Purpose: To assess (i) heat generated by pluggers during warm vertical compaction of gutta-percha and investigation of temperature changes on the external root surface
Sealers and Warm Gutta-percha Obturation Techniques
Summary: Purpose: to investigate the suitability of selected sealers to be used with warm gutta-percha obturation techniques. Materials/Methods: •The composition of an experimental sealer (Steptodont)
Adhesion of Endodontic Sealers to Dentin and Gutta-Percha
Summary: Purpose: to assess adhesion of kerr, sealapex, AH26, Ketac endo to gutta percha (GP) and dentin. N= extracted un-erupted 3rd molars Materials/Methods: •Tooth was
Ultrastructural Evaluation of the Apical Seal in Roots Filled with a Polycaprolactone-Based Root Canal Filling Material
Summary: •Purpose: to examine the ultrastructural quality of the apical seal in Resilon filled versus gutta-percha filled root canals that were created with the same
Resilon will biodegrade from lipases released by bacteria or by bacterial or salivary enzymes
Summary: Trope: •Sodium ethoxide is highly corrosive material. •Bacteria in soil, compost, and sludge can degrade polycaprolactone. Resilon was never proposed to replace meticulous cleaning
Physical Properties of Root Canal Cements
Summary: Purpose: to assess the physical properties (particle size, flow, adhesion, setting time and dimensional changes) among AH26, Diaket, Kerr sealer, Mynol, N2, N2 no-lead,
Periapical Inflammation after Coronal Microbial Inoculation of Dog Roots Filled with Gutta-Percha or Resilon
Summary: Purpose: compare in vivo the efficacy of gutta-percha and AH26 sealer versus RMS filled roots in preventing apical periodontitis subsequent to coronal inoculation with oral microorganisms. N= 133
An Evaluation of Microbial Leakage in Roots Filled with a Thermoplastic Synthetic Polymer-Based Root Canal Filling Material (Resilon)
Summary: Purpose: To compare bacterial leakage using S.mutans and E.faecalis through gutta-percha and a thermoplastic synthetic polymer-based root filling (Resilon) using two filling techniques during a 30-day period. Materials/Methods: n: 156 roots
The thermomechanical properties of gutta-percha. Part V. Volume bulk gutta-percha as a function of changes in temperature and its relationship to molecular phase transformation
Summary: Purpose: To monitor the volume changes that take place in gutta-percha as a function of temperature. Materials/Methods: Volumetric changes were measured using two techniques of
The thermomechanical properties of gutta-percha. Part IV. A thermal profile of the warm gutta-percha packing procedure.
Summary: Purpose: demonstrate crystalline phase transformations in the gutta-percha material and to determine at what points in the thermal cycle they take place. N= 8 single-rooted human teeth Materials/Methods:
The thermomechanical properties of gutta-percha III. Determination of phase transition temperatures for gutta-percha
Summary: Purpose: to demonstrate the phase transformations which occur in the crystalline structure of the polymer during thermal manipulation and to determine the temperature at which they
The thermomechanical properties of gutta-percha. II. The history and molecular chemistry of gutta-percha
Purpose: To review history of gutta percha and its molecular chemistry Summary: The Malays and Chinese are said to have used it first. In Europe (in the middle of the 7th century), John Trandescant wrote
The thermomechanical properties of gutta-percha. I. The compressibility of gutta-percha
Purpose: To determine the mechanism through which volume of gutta-percha is presumed to be reduced with pressure with uniaxial and triaxial systems of physically absolute design Materials/Methods: Samples
Composition and physical properties of gutta-percha endodontic filling materials
Summary: Purpose: To determine whether a correlation exists between the composition and the mechanical properties of five commercially available gutta-percha endodontic filling materials. Materials/Methods: The
Corrosion of silver cones in bone: a scanning electron microscope and microprobe analysis.
Summary: Purpose: To examine with the scanning electron microscope and X-ray microanalyzer the surface changes of silver cones in the osseous tissue of the rat. Materials/Methods:
Corrosion of endodontic silver cones in humans: a scanning electron microscope and X-ray microprobe study
Summary: Purpose: to test reactions of silver cones in clinical situations under SEM. N= 13 silver cones removed from 12 patients. Materials/Methods: 13 silver points were removed from
Healing of apical periodontitis after endodontic treatment with and without obturation in dogs
Summary: Purpose: to investigate the importance of obturation in healing of periapical periodontitis. N= 56 root canals in 28 3rd and 4th bilateral lower premolar teeth with completely formed apices in 7 dogs.
Reaction of rat connective tissue to polyethylene tube implant :part II
Summary: Purpose: to investigate the reaction of the connective tissue to filling of the tubes with sterile and contaminated debris N= 24 implants implanted in 6 animals.
Reaction of rat connective tissue to polyethylene tube implant, part I
Summary: Purpose: to investigate the influence of an unfilled space and other local factors normally associated with endodontic repair on the healing of connective tissue. N= 24 implants
Oral Medicine and Drug Interactions
Adverse drug interactions in dental practice: interactions associated with analgesics, Part III in a series
Purpose: overview of drug interactions with analgesics and identifies those that are clinically relevant. Most highlighted Results: NSAIDs and antihypertensives. •There is sufficient evidence to
The changing spectrum of Clostridium difficile–associated disease Implications for dentistry
Case 1 (mild CDAD ): A 48-year-old female received antibiotics (oral clindamycin) after undergoing endodontic surgery. 8 days after the antibiotic course, she had diarrhea,
Dental treatment planning and management in the patient who has cancer
Summary: •The following are the goals of dental management before the start of cancer therapy: Eliminate or stabilize oral disease to minimize local and systemic
Interference of cardiac pacemaker and implantable cardioverter-defibrillator activity during electronic dental device use
Summary: •Purpose: to determine if electromagnetic interference of cardiac pacemaker and implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) activity occurs during the operation of electronic dental devices. Materials/Methods:
The immuno cross-reactivity of gutta percha points.
•Purpose: To examine the potential cross-reactivity between raw gutta percha, raw gutta balata, gutta percha points and NRL proteins by the inhibition enzyme linked immunosorbent
Pregnancy: Physiologic Changes and Considerations for Dental Patients
Summary: •Pregnancy is a dynamic physiological state evidenced by several transient changes. •The most common complaints include nausea and vomiting, nasal congestion, heartburn, alteration in
European Society of Endodontology position statement: the use of antibiotics in endodontics.
Purpose: is to provide dentists and other healthcare workers with evidence-based criteria for when to use antibiotics in the treatment of endodontic infections, traumatic injuries
Impact of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and coronary artery disease on tooth extraction after nonsurgical endodontic treatment.
Purpose: to assess the impact of systemic diseases (diabetes (DM), hypertension (HT) and coronary artery disease (CAD)) on the risk of tooth extraction after NSRCT.
Endodontic Surgery
Influence of suturing on wound healing
Purpose: To understand the effect of different suture materials and techniques on wound healing. Most highlighted results: •The most popular technique for wound closure is
Guided tissue regeneration in periapical surgery
Purpose: To provide a better understanding of basic molecular and cellular biologic concepts when using membrane barriers and bone grafts in periapical surgery with specific
Effect of guided tissue regeneration on the outcome of surgical endodontic treatment
Purpose: To evaluate the influence of GTR on the outcome of surgical endodontic treatment. N= 11 ( n=5 ) Materials and methods: •Inclusion criteria: •
Comparative Evaluation of Platelet-rich Plasma and Guided Tissue Regeneration Membrane in the Healing of Apicomarginal Defects: A Clinical Study
Summary: Purpose: to compare the healing response of PRP and collagen membrane used as GTR materials for the treatment of apicomarginal defects. Materials/Methods: •30 patients
The use of calcium sulphate in the surgical treatment of a ‘through and through’ periradicular lesion
Summary: Purpose: to demonstrate the clinical effectiveness of calcium sulphate to act as a barrier and filling material for the treatment of ‘through and through’
A Randomized Controlled Study of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Super Ethoxybenzoic Acid as Root-end Filling
Summary: Purpose: to evaluate the long-term clinical outcomes of endodontic microsurgery when MTA and Super EBA are used as the root-end filling material and to
The Influence of an Isthmus on the Outcomes of Surgically Treated Molars: A Retrospective Study
Purpose: To investigate the effects of an isthmus on the outcomes of surgically treated molars. N= 106 Maxillary and mandibular 1st molars (72 with isthmus,
Two- and tridimensional analysis of periapical repair after endodontic surgery.
Purpose: to evaluate the periapical repair of teeth after endodontic surgery using two- (conventional and digital radiography) and tridimensional (CBCT) imaging methods. N = 11
Prospective clinical study evaluating endodontic microsurgery outcomes for cases with lesions of endodontic origin compared with cases with lesions of combined periodontal-endodontic origin.
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of endodontic microsurgery and compare the healing success of the isolated endodontic lesion with
Five-year changes in periodontal parameters after apical surgery.
Summary: Purpose: (1) to document changes in periodontal parameters in teeth with apical surgery over a long-term period of 5 years. (2) to correlate
Outcome of endodontic surgery: a meta-analysis of the literature–Part 2: Comparison of endodontic microsurgical techniques with and without the use of higher magnification.
Summary: Purpose: to Investigate the outcomes of contemporary root-end surgery (CRS) techniques with only loupes or no visualization aids compared with endodontic microsurgery using the
Outcome of Endodontic Surgery : a meta-analysis of the literature part I: Comparison of Traditional root-end surgery and Endodontic Microsurgery
Purpose: to investigate the specific outcome of traditional root-end surgery (TRS) versus endodontic microsurgery (EMS) and the probability of success for comparison of the 2
Clinical Results With Two Different Methods of Root-end Preparation & Filling in Apical Surgery : Mineral Trioxide Aggregate & Adhesive Resin Composite
Purpose: to report the healing outcome of two different methods of root-end preparation & filling in apical surgery, MTA & an adhesive resin composite Retroplast.
Outcomes of Nonsurgical Retreatment and Endodontic Surgery: A Systematic Review
Summary: Purpose: to compare the clinical and radiographic success rates of nonsurgical retreatment of root-filled teeth with those of teeth treated by endodontic surgery with
Prognostic Factors in Apical Surgery with Root-end Filling: A Meta-analysis
Summary: Purpose: to perform an updated meta-analysis to assess potential prognostic factors for healing outcome in apical surgery with root-end filling by reviewing all levels
Outcome Of Surgical Endodontic Treatment Performed by A Modern Technique ; a meta-analysis of literature
Purpose: to evaluate the outcome of surgical endodontic treatment performed by a modern technique and to evaluate the factors influencing the outcome by means of
A Prospective Clinical Study of Periradicular Surgery Using Mineral Trioxide Aggregate as a Root-end Filling
Summary: Purpose: monitor the outcome of periradicular surgery using microsurgical techniques and root-end filling with MTA • N= 276 teeth Materials/Methods: •Surgery was performed: A
Correlation of Bone Defect Dimensions with Healing Outcome One Year after Apical Surgery
Summary: •Purpose: to assess the influence of bone defect dimensions on outcome 1 year after apical surgery. • N= 183 teeth in an equal
Periapical resurgery versus periapical surgery: a 5-year longitudinal comparison
Summary: Purpose: To monitor and compare the outcome of periapical surgery (group AS) with the outcome of periapical resurgery (group RS) N= 231 roots in
Treatment Outcome in Endodontics: The Toronto Study—Phases 3, 4, and 5: Apical Surgery
Summary: Purpose: to assess healing 4–10 years after apical surgery, and to identify significant outcome predictors in the pooled samples of Phases 1–5 N= 134
Long-term follow-up of cases considered healed one year after apical microsurgery
Summary: Purpose: to follow-up the cases classified as healed in the previous study (short term, 1yr) for an additional 5–7 yr N= 52 patients (59
Periapical healing of mandibular molars after root-end sealing with dentine-bonded composite
Purpose: To present the frequency of periapical healing in first, second and third mandibular molar after root-end resections sealed with dentine-bonded resin composite. N= 726
Retrograde filling materials: a retrospective success-failure study of amalgam, EBA and IRM
Purpose: To compare the success rates of teeth with three different root end materials (Amalgam, SuperEBA and IRM) N= 488 cases. Materials and methods: •The
Relationship of Periapical Lesion Radiologic Size, Apical Resection, and Retrograde Filling With the Prognosis of Periapical Surgery
Summary: Purpose: to correlate between radiographic size of the lesion , apical resection and retrograde filling to long-term success to periapical surgery Materials/Methods: 1. N
Long-Term Evaluation of Surgically Placed Amalgam Filling
Summary: Purpose: to preform long term evaluation of surgically treated teeth with amalgam as retrograde filling before 1981 Materials/Methods: 1. N : 104 teeth
Relation of Pre- and Intraoperative Factors to Prognosis of Posterior Apical Surgery
Purpose: To examine the relation of various preoperative and intraoperative factors to the treatment results of apical surgery in posterior teeth (treated by different operators)
Results of apicoectomy of maxillary canines, premolars, and molars with special reference to oroantral communication as a prognostic factor
Purpose: to study the effect of OAC on case prognosis of teeth undergoing endodontic surgery as well as the effect of OAC on Maxillary Sinus
A follow-up study of 1000 cases treated by endodontic surgery.
Summary: •Purpose: To assess the influence of increasing the observation period upon healing group. •1000 teeth treated by endodontic surgery during a 9 year period:
Radiographic criteria for the assessment of healing after endodontic surgery
Summary: Data from 1000 cases treated by endodontic surgery were used to compare clinical and radiographic findings. N=120 • Radiographic healing classification was proposed with
Correlation between histology and radiography in the assessment of healing after endodontic surgery
Summary: •Purpose: to correlate histological and radiographical findings after endodontic surgery. •Materials/Methods: n: 70 biopsy of apices and PA tissue (35 Max. laterals) were investigated
Decompression of a large periapical lesion: a short treatment course
Summary: -16 years old black female. •Swelling :Extensive symptomatic nonfluctuant palatal swelling •Past medical history was negative and oral temperature was 101.6 ºF. •Trauma at
Decompression of large periapical cystic lesions
Summary: to call attention to differences between the marsupialization and decompression, to discuss the pathogenesis of cysts and the potential for healing; to describe a
Conservative reduction of large periapical lesions
Summary Aim: (1) to question the need for surgical treatment of the extensive periapical lesion (2) to present a method of treating the lesion with
The Retention of Vital Submuccosal Roots Under Immediate Dentures: a surgical procedure
Purpose: to describe a surgical technique for the retention of vital submucosal roots for a patient treated with a complete maxillary immediate denture. Summary: •All
Vital Root Retention in Humans: a final Report
Summary: Purpose: to describe the vitality and position of the sectioned roots, the surface integrity of soft tissue coverage, and the osseous tissue character surrounding
Clinical, Radiographic, & Histological Study of Endodontically Treated Retained Roots To Preserve Alveolar Bone
Summary: Histologic: was made at 5 months revealing quite similar results, with slight differences between the two monkeys, which are: 1. Success of soft tissue
Clinical, Radiographic, & Histological Study of Endodontically Treated Retained Roots To Preserve Alveolar Bone
Summary: Purpose: to determine whether new bone will form coronal to retained endodontically treated roots N= 2 Macaca Speciosa monkeys Materials/Methods: •Conventional RCT was done
A study of the histologic reaction of submerged root segments.
Purpose: To observe histologically the response of submerged root segments for both vital and endodontically treated teeth. N= 3 monkeys ( Cebus apellae ) Materials
Survival of the Endodontic Endosseous Implant
Purpose: To show the indication, technique and outcome of the endosseous implants in two case reports. Indications: •Periodontal bone loss. ( if other procedures would
A ‘last resort\’ treatment or a conventional treatment procedure? Nine case reports
Summary: Purpose: To present intentional replantation is reliable option when considering surgical root canal treatment Materials/Methods: -Nine cases of intentional replantation with variety of indication
Intentional replantation of endodontically treated teeth
Summary: Purpose: to report 31 cases of Intentional replantation Materials/Methods: 1. Conventional RCT was preformed to 31 maxillary and mandibular teeth (18 upper and lower
Trephination for acute pain management
Purpose: to aid the clinician in diagnosing an acute apical abscess and implementing the treatment necessary to rapidly resolve the patient’s problem. Rationale: •Trepanation (trephination),
Effect of Apical Trephination on Postoperative Pain and Swelling in Symptomatic Necrotic Teeth
Purpose: to evaluate postoperative pain and swelling after performing an apical trephination procedure in symptomatic necrotic teeth with radiolucencies. N = 50 adult patients who
Effect of trephination on postoperative pain and sweling in symptomatic necrotic teeth
Summary: Purpose: to evaluate postoperative pain and swelling after performing a trephination procedure in symptomatic necrotic teeth with radiolucencies. N= 50 adult patients with
A Comparison of Pulpectomy Alone Versus Pulpectomy with Trephination for the Relief of Pain
Summary: Purpose: to compare two methods of treatment pulpectomy alone or pulpectomy with trephination for the reduction of posttreatment pain in patients presenting with acute
Long-term follow-up of cases considered healed one year after apical microsurgery
Summary: Purpose: to follow-up the cases classified as healed in the previous study (short term, 1yr) for an additional 5–7 yr N= 52 patients (59
Periapical healing of mandibular molars after root-end sealing with dentine-bonded composite
Purpose: To present the frequency of periapical healing in first, second and third mandibular molar after root-end resections sealed with dentine-bonded resin composite. N= 726
Retrograde filling materials: a retrospective success-failure study of amalgam, EBA and IRM.
Purpose: To compare the success rates of teeth with three different root end materials (Amalgam, SuperEBA and IRM) N= 488 cases. Materials and methods: •The
Relationship of Periapical Lesion Radiologic Size, Apical Resection, and Retrograde Filling With the Prognosis of Periapical Surgery
Summary: Purpose: to correlate between radiographic size of the lesion , apical resection and retrograde filling to long-term success to periapical surgery Materials/Methods: • N
Long-Term Evaluation of Surgically Placed Amalgam Filling
Summary: Purpose: to preform long term evaluation of surgically treated teeth with amalgam as retrograde filling before 1981 Materials/Methods: 1. N : 104 teeth
Relation of Pre- and Intraoperative Factors to Prognosis of Posterior Apical Surgery
Purpose: To examine the relation of various preoperative and intraoperative factors to the treatment results of apical surgery in posterior teeth (treated by different operators)
Results of apicoectomy of maxillary canines, premolars, and molars with special reference to oroantral communication as a prognostic factor
Purpose: to study the effect of OAC on case prognosis of teeth undergoing endodontic surgery as well as the effect of OAC on Maxillary Sinus
A follow-up study of 1000 cases treated by endodontic surgery.
Summary: •Purpose: To assess the influence of increasing the observation period upon healing group. •1000 teeth treated by endodontic surgery during a 9 year period:
Radiographic criteria for the assessment of healing after endodontic surgery
Summary: Data from 1000 cases treated by endodontic surgery were used to compare clinical and radiographic findings. N=120 • Radiographic healing classification was proposed with
Correlation between histology and radiography in the assessment of healing after endodontic surgery
Summary: •Purpose: to correlate histological and radiographical findings after endodontic surgery. •Materials/Methods: n: 70 biopsy of apices and PA tissue (35 Max. laterals) were investigated
Decompression of a large periapical lesion: a short treatment course.
Summary: -16 years old black female. •Swelling :Extensive symptomatic nonfluctuant palatal swelling •Past medical history was negative and oral temperature was 101.6 ºF. •Trauma at
Decompression of large periapical cystic lesions.
Summary: to call attention to differences between the marsupialization and decompression, to discuss the pathogenesis of cysts and the potential for healing; to describe a
Conservative reduction of large periapical lesions.
Summary Aim: (1) to question the need for surgical treatment of the extensive periapical lesion (2) to present a method of treating the lesion with
The Retention of Vital Submuccosal Roots Under Immediate Dentures: a surgical procedure
Purpose: to describe a surgical technique for the retention of vital submucosal roots for a patient treated with a complete maxillary immediate denture. Summary: •All
Vital Root Retention in Humans: a final Report
Summary: Purpose: to describe the vitality and position of the sectioned roots, the surface integrity of soft tissue coverage, and the osseous tissue character surrounding
Clinical, Radiographic, & Histological Study of Endodontically Treated Retained Roots To Preserve Alveolar Bone
Summary: Purpose: to determine whether new bone will form coronal to retained endodontically treated roots N= 2 Macaca Speciosa monkeys Materials/Methods: •Conventional RCT was done
A study of the histologic reaction of submerged root segments.
Purpose: To observe histologically the response of submerged root segments for both vital and endodontically treated teeth. N= 3 monkeys ( Cebus apellae ) Materials
Survival of the Endodontic Endosseous Implant
Purpose: To show the indication, technique and outcome of the endosseous implants in two case reports. Indications: •Periodontal bone loss. ( if other procedures would
A ‘last resort\’ treatment or a conventional treatment procedure? Nine case reports
Summary: Purpose: To present intentional replantation is reliable option when considering surgical root canal treatment Materials/Methods: -Nine cases of intentional replantation with variety of indication
Intentional replantation of endodontically treated teeth
Summary: Purpose: to report 31 cases of Intentional replantation Materials/Methods: • Conventional RCT was preformed to 31 maxillary and mandibular teeth (18 upper and lower
Trephination for acute pain management
Purpose: to aid the clinician in diagnosing an acute apical abscess and implementing the treatment necessary to rapidly resolve the patient’s problem. Rationale: •Trepanation (trephination),
Effect of Apical Trephination on Postoperative Pain and Swelling in Symptomatic Necrotic Teeth
Purpose: to evaluate postoperative pain and swelling after performing an apical trephination procedure in symptomatic necrotic teeth with radiolucencies. N = 50 adult patients who
Effect of trephination on postoperative pain and sweling in symptomatic necrotic teeth
Summary: Purpose: to evaluate postoperative pain and swelling after performing a trephination procedure in symptomatic necrotic teeth with radiolucencies. N= 50 adult patients with
A Comparison of Pulpectomy Alone Versus Pulpectomy with Trephination for the Relief of Pain
Summary: Purpose: to compare two methods of treatment pulpectomy alone or pulpectomy with trephination for the reduction of posttreatment pain in patients presenting with acute
A Systematic Review of In Vitro Retrograde Obturation Materials
Summary: •Purpose: (a) to determine which retrograde obturation (root-end filling) material(s) best prevent(s) retrograde dye/ink penetration in vitro, and (b) to compare these results
Periapical tissue responses and cementum regeneration with amalgam, SuperEBA, and MTA as root-end filling materials.
Purpose: to compare PA reactions as well as cementum regeneration in contact with amalgam, SuperEBA and MTA in dogs teeth using the undecalcified ground section
Periodontal tissue regeneration including cementogenesis adjacent to dentin bonded retrograde composite fillings in humans.
Purpose: to describe by histological and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) technique the tissue regeneration and response around two bonded retrograde composite fillings placed in humans.
A study of a new material for retrograde fillings.
Purpose: to investigate a new material for retrofill (Stailine). Materials/Methods: •Stailine Super EBA consists of ZOE, resin, EBA, and silicon. it has powder and liquid
Does cold burnishing gutta-percha create a better apical seal?
Summary: Purpose: to evaluate and compare the seal created by cold burnishing gutta-percha after resection and with no further manipulation of the gutta-percha after resection
A comparison of the marginal adaptation of retrograde techniques: a scanning electron microscopic study
Summary: Purpose: to examine the adaptability of retrograde amalgam, heat-sealed guttapercha, and cold-burnished gutta-percha to the dentin- retrograde material interface of the root canal N=
Retrograde amalgam filling: a scanning electron microscopic study.
Purpose: to examine amalgam retrograde filling in the resected root surfaces. N= 4 teeth Materials/Methods: •4 teeth with retrograde amalgam filling were examined by scanning
Wound healing following demineralization of resected root ends in periradicular surgery
Summary: Purpose: to determine the effect of demineralization of resected root ends on the temporal and qualitative healing on the dentoalveolar and alveolar tissues in
Wound Healing in the Tissues of the Periodontium following Periradicular Surgery. III. The Osseous Excisional Wound
Summary: •Purpose: To describe the osseous response to excisional wounding at postsurgical intervals from 1-28 days. •N= 4 rhesus monkey Matrials and method: •Six mucoperiosteal
Wound Healing in the Tissues of the Periodontium following Periradicular Surgery, II. The Dissectional Wound
Purpose: To describe the wound-healing responses of the mucoperiosteal tissues and conical bone to dissectional wounding at postsurgical periods of 1 through 4, 14, and
Wound healing in the tissues of the periodontium following periradicular surgery: I—the incisional wound
Purpose: to describe the events of the wound healing response of mucoperiosteal tissues to incisional wounding at postsurgical periods of 1 to 4 days and
Healing of surgical wounds in oral mucoperiosteal tissues
Summary: -Periodontal wound healing studies are not directly applicable to endodontic surgery (differs in type of tissues injured and type of surgical wound inflicted). –
Methylene blue dye: an aid to endodontic surgery
Summary: -Methyleneblue dye is often used in general medicine to evaluate renal function -General surgeons inject the dye into sinus tracts making the outlined tracts
The role of preoperative prophylactic antibiotic administration in periapical endodontic surgery: a randomized, prospective double-blind placebo-controlled study
Summary: Purpose: To determine the value of clindamycin prophylaxis in the prevention of postoperative wound infections in patients undergoing endodontic surgery N= 256 patients (age
Does low-aspirin therapy complicate oral surgery?
Purpose: To evaluate the effect of aspirin on bleeding in patients undergoing oral surgery N= 39 patients. Inclusion and exclusion criteria: 1.Patients using 100mg of
Hemostatic control in endo surgery: A Comparative Study of Calcium Sulfate versus Gauzes and versus Ferric Sulfate
Purpose: The aim was to describe a comparative study of hemostasis obtained with the use of CaS versus gauze tamponade and versus ferric sulfate during
Cardiovascular Effects and Efficacy of a Hemostatic Agent in Periradicular Surgery
Summary: Purpose: evaluate the hemostatic efficacy of CollaCote saturated with 2.25% racemic epinephrine during periradicular surgery and determine whether there was any significant change in
Hemostatic Efficacy and Cardiovascular Effects of Agents Used During Endodontic Surgery
Summary: Purpose: To evaluate ferric sulfate and epinephrine-impregnated cotton pellets and their ability to achieve hemostasis during endodontic surgical procedures and for cardiovascular changes Materials/Methods:
Ferric Sulfate Hemostasis: Effect on Osseous Wound Healing II: Wide Curettage & irrigation
Purpose: to determine if the foreign body response and delayed healing caused by the ferric sulfate could be reduced or eliminated by curettage and irrigation
Osseous Reactions to Three Hemostatic Agents
Purpose: to evaluate and compare the effects of Gelfoam, Surgicel, and bone wax on the healing of osseous defects in rat tibias. N= Fifty male
Blood Loss During Endodontic Surgery
Summary: Purpose: to measure the amount of blood loss by patients undergoing endodontic surgery and to correlate this amount with factors such as age, sex,
Efficacy of Epinephrine Concentration in Local Anesthesia During Periodontal Surgery
Summary: Purpose: to compare the two concentrations of 2% lidocaine combined with either 1:50,000 or 1:100,000 epinephrine relative to their effect on blood loss in
Root‐end management: resection, cavity preparation, and material placement
Methylene blue staining: The dried root surface is ten stained with 1% methylene blue (MBS) for 10–15 s. MBS only discolors organic material, if there
Root‐end management: resection, cavity preparation, and material placement
Purpose: Current protocols for root-end management in apical microsurgery are described. Summary: Rational of root end resection: 1- Removal of: pathological process, anatomic variations, operator
Apical surgery: endoscopic findings at the resection level of 168 consecutively treated roots.
Summary: •Purpose: to document and analyze macro- and microfindings detected with endoscopic inspection at the cut root face after root-end resection during apical surgery. •n:
Comparison of ultrasonic and high-speed bur root-end preparations using bilaterally matched teeth.
Summary: •Purpose: to compare ultrasonic and high- speed bur root-end preparations. •N= 29 bilaterally matched pairs of teeth from three adult human cadavers – 76
Evaluation for Cracks Associated with Ultrasonic Root-End Preparation of Gutta-Percha Filled Canals
Summary: Purpose: to evaluate resected root-end surfaces of bilaterally matched human teeth for cracks before and after ultrasonic root-end preparation. N= 40 bilaterally matched single
A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study of In Vivo Ultrasonic Root-End Preparations
Summary: Purpose: to examine root-ends after resection and after ultrasonic preparation on patients undergoing endodontic surgery N= 25 maxillary roots from 20 patients undergoing periapical
Ultrasonic root-end preparation Part 2, Microleakage of EBA root-end fillings
Summary: Purpose: To evaluate the effect of 3 methods of root-end preparation, on the apical seal of EBA root-end fillings N= = 120 single rooted
Ultrasonic root-end preparation part 1: SEM analysis in humans
Purpose: to determine the degree of superficial debris and smear layer present on the dentinal walls of root-end cavity preparations, using 3 techniques: cavity preparation
A comparison between two root-end preparation techniques in human cadavers
Purpose: to compare the cleanliness and parallelism of root end preparations prepared by ultrasonic tips with those prepared by burs. N= 20 anterior teeth Materials/Methods:
Frequency and type of canal isthmuses in first molars detected by endoscopic inspection during periradicular surgery
Purpose: to assess the presence of a canal isthmus in molars during periradicular surgery using an endoscope, and to determine the type of canal isthmus
Apical dentin permeability and microleakage associated with root end resection and retrograde filling.
Purpose: to determine the effect of different angles of apical resection and depths of retrograde filling on apical leakage. N= 27 extracted teeth Materials/Methods: •The
Dentinal tubules at the root ends of apicected teeth: a scanning electron microscopic study
Purpose: to establish the existence and orientation of dentinal tubules at the level at which resection is normally performed. N= 22 teeth (1st : 10
Does the Papilla Preservation Flap Technique Induce Soft Tissue Modifications over Time in Endodontic Surgery Procedures?
•Purpose: To compare 2 incision techniques, papilla base incision (PBI) and Sulcular incision (IS) in terms of papilla height and recession changes. •N= 24 patients
Soft Tissue management: Soft tissue management: flap design, incision, tissue elevation, and tissue retraction
Purpose : To address the tissue flap design and the manipulation used to gain access to the underlining bone covering the roots. Most highlighted Results:
Papilla base incision: a new approach to recession-free healing of the interdental papilla after endodontic surgery
Summary: Purpose: To describe and evaluate a new incision technique (the papilla base incision) n: 20 patients with mean age of 47.8±, 13.6 years referred
Avoiding the mental foramen during periapical surgery
Purpose: Presents several techniques to decrease the risk of an un-favorable outcome following periapical surgery in proximity to the mental foramen. Summary: 3 stages of
A comparative study of the wound healing of three types of flap design used in periapical surgery
•Summary: Purpose: to evaluate the clinical and histological features of healing of three common types of surgical flap designs used in periapical surgery. \\ •N=
Endodontic flap design: analysis and recommendations for current usage
Summary: •Purpose: To correlate the available information about endodontic flaps and to propose the use of a simple, realistic flap design which will provide an
Characteristics and dimensions of the Schneiderian membrane and apical bone in maxillary molars referred for apical surgery: a comparative radiographic analysis using limited cone beam computed tomography.
Summary: Purpose: to evaluate the thickness and the anatomic characteristics of the Schneiderian membrane and cortical bone using limited CBCT scanning in patients referred for
Predicting the anatomical position of the palatal root apex in maxillary first premolars during surgical endodontic treatment
Summary: Purpose: To measure the position of the palatal(P) root tip relative to the buccal(B) root tip and to establish a predictable method for clinicians
Anatomical relationship of the mandibular canal to its surrounding structures in mature mandibles
Summary: Purpose: To study the relationship of the mandibular canal to the posterior teeth in human mandibles N= 22 mature human mandible Materials/Methods: •Access cavities
An Anatomical Study of the Position of the Mesial Roots of Mandibular Molars
Summary: Purpose: To investigate quantitatively the anatomical location of the mesial apices of the 1st & 2nd man molars & to determine the correlation between anatomic
Relationship between the apices of the lower molars & mandibular canal; a radiographic study
Purpose: to evaluate the relationship between the root apices of the lower first and second molars to the upper border of the mandibular canal &
Periapical Surgery of Mandibular Posterior Teeth: Anatomical & Surgical Considerations
Purpose: to consider some important anatomical and surgical factors related to peri-apical surgery especially in mandibular posterior teeth. Anatomical consideration: •Mandibular canal often contacts the
Position of The Mental Foramen in A North American, white population.
Purpose: to investigate the position of the mental foramen (MF) and assess any differences according to gender through comparison with previous studies by ethnic group. Materials/Methods:
An Anatomical Study of Mental Neurovascular Bundle-Implant Relationship
Summary: Purpose: to prove or disapprove via a cadaver study the existence of an anterior loop of MNVB and to describe its prevalence & dimensions.
The Mental Foramen: Part III. Size and Position on Panoramic Radiographs
Summary: Purpose: to determine the size and position of the mental foramina on panoramic radiographs. Factors affecting the radiographic position were also determined. •N= Panoramic
The mental foramen: part II Radiographic Position in Relation to Mandibular Second Premolar.
Summary: Purpose: to determine the position & size of the mental foramen on periapical radiographs using paralleling technique and to examine possible factors influencing its
The Mental Foramen: Part I. Size, Orientation, and Positional Relationship to the Mandibular Second Premolar
Summary: Purpose: to report the size and orientation of the mental foramen as well as its positional relationship to the mandibular second premolar. n: 75
A computed tomographic study of the distances between the maxillary sinus floor and the apices of the maxillary posterior teeth
Summary: Purpose: to determine the distances between the apices of the maxillary posterior teeth and the floor of the maxillary sinuses, and the thickness of
Results of apicoectomy of maxillary canines, premolars and molars with special reference to oroantral communication, as a prognostic factor
Summary: Purpose: to report the effect of oroantral communication OAC on the prognosis of apicectomy of maxillary canine, premolars, and molars and its effect on
Alveolar plate fenestrations and dehiscences of the human skull
Summary: •Purpose: determine the incidence & distribution of fenestration \\ dehiscence in human skulls. •N= 3,416 teeth present and examined in 108 adult skulls of
Treatment decisions in 330 cases referred for apical surgery
Summary: Purpose: to analyze the treatment decisions offered to patients referred for apical surgery and to evaluate variables that may have influenced the decision-making process.
Endodontic surgery.
Summary: Purpose: to provide a contemporary and up-to-date overview of endodontic surgery. Indications: •Persistent disease (with or without symptoms) in a previously root filled tooth
Timeliness and effectiveness in the surgical management of persistent post-treatment periapical pathosis
Summary: Problems difficult or impossible to solve without surgery: •Inadequate RCT with altered morphology: •In a study by Gorni & Gagliani (2004), the success
Surgical trends among endodontists: the results of a web-based survey
Summary: Purpose: To investigate the frequency and characteristics of surgery among active endodontists in the United States. The survey also inquired about residency and post-residency
Case selection for apical surgery: a retrospective evaluation of associated factors and rationale
Summary: Purpose: To analyze and evaluate the factors associated with choosing a surgical rather than an orthograde approach to failed endodontic cases N= 189 patients/
The Role of Preoperative Prophylactic Antibiotic Administration in Periapical Endodontic Surgery: A Randomized Prospective Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study
1.Antibiotic prophylaxis does not have a clinical effect on postoperative infections.
2. Routine prophylactic antibiotic Rx not recommended.
Does Low-Dose Aspirin Therapy Complicate Oral Surgery Procedures?
Low-dose aspirin therapy should not be stopped before oral surgery. Local hemostasis is sufficient to control bleeding.
Hemostasis Control in Endodontic Surgery: A Comparative Study of Calcium Sulfate Versus Gauzes and Versus Ferric Sulfate.
CaS is good at achieving hemostasis and allows for a good view of the area. May help reduce surgical time.
Cardiovascular Effects and Efficacy of a Hemostatic Agent in Periradicular Surgery
Epinephrine provides excellent hemostasis with no evident changes in blood pressure or pulse rate. CollaCote is a plausible vehicle for delivery.
Hemostatic Efficacy and Cardiovascular Effects of Agents Used During Endodontic Surgery
Racemic-epinephrine (Epinephrine concentration # 2 = 0.55 mg/pellet) pellets can be used for hemostasis with no cardiovascular effect.
Ferric Sulfate Hemostasis: Effect on Osseous Wound Healing—II: with Curettage and Irrigation.
Ferric Sulfate may be a good hemostatic agent during retrograde RCT
Osseous Reactions to Three Hemostatic Agents
If a hemostatic agent is going to be used, Gel foam should be considered of these materials since it inhibited osseous regeneration much less than Surgicel or Bone wax.
Efficacy of Epinephrine Concentration in Local Anesthesia During Periodontal Surgery
The use of 1:50,000 epi results is 50% less blood loss during flap surgeries
Ultrasonic Root-End Preparation Part 1: SEM Analysis
Root end preparation with ultrasonics produced less debris overall. Treatment with citric acid prior to retrograde fill may remove the smear layer and may allow for improved adaptation of restorative material.
A Comparison Between Two Root-End Preparation Techniques in Human Cadavers
Ultrasonics allow for deeper, more parallel, and cleaner root end preparations that follow the canal system more accurately when compared to root end preparations with burs.
Apical Dentin Permeability and Microleakage Associated with Root End Resection and Retrograde Filling
Increase the depth of the retrograde filling and decrease the amount of bevel as much as possible to decrease apical leakage through dentinal tubules.
Dentinal Tubules at the Root Ends of Apicected Teeth: A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study
Maintain bevel angle to a minimum due to exposure of dentinal tubules. Retrograde fillings should at least extend past the most coronal aspect of bevel to effectively seal exposed tubules.
An Anatomical Study of Mental Neurovascular Bundle-Implant Relationships
Mental nerve location in relation to the mental foramen.
The Mental Foramen: Part III—Size, and Position on Panoramic Radiographs
Mental foramen location relying on a panoramic
The Mental Foramen: Part II. Radiographic Position in Relation to Mandibular Second Premolar
Mental foramen location in relation to the 2nd PM radiographic apex.
The Mental Foramen: Part I-Size, Orientation, and Positional Relationship to the Mandibular Second Premolar
Mental block should enter soft tissue posterior-superior to mental foramen along the long axis of the 2nd premolar and be advanced anterior-inferior until mental foramen guides the needle
Vertical releasing incisions should be avoided around the MD second premolar to avoid mental nerve damage
A Computed Tomographic Study of the Distances Between the Maxillary Sinus Floor and the Apices of the Maxillary Posterior Teeth
Distances from sinus floor will dictate the size of the crypt during surgical endodontics
Lateral thickness of bone may indicate location of access with consideration of soft tissue reflection, hemorrhage control, and visibility
Long-Term Follow-Up of Cases Considered Healed One Year After Apical Microsurgery
Once healing is established, apicoectomy with super EBA has a high chance of remaining healed.
Periapical Healing of Mandibular Molars After Root-End Sealing with Dentine-Bonded Composite
Root end sealing of mandibular molars with dentin bonded resin composite retrofill is a promising technique.
Retrograde Filling Materials: A Retrospective Success-Failure Study of Amalgam, EBA and IRM
Super EBA and IRM are superior retrofill materials vs. amalgam
Relationship of Periapical Lesion Radiologic Size, Apical Resection, and Retrograde Filling with the Prognosis of Periapical Surgery
Prognosis of periapical surgery may improve with smaller preop periapical lesion size and smaller amounts of apical resection.
Long-Term Evaluation of Surgically Placed Amalgam Fillings
Surgical endodontic success with amalgam appears mediocre and new retrofill materials need to be investigated.